uced form chinese monkey fruit(弥猴桃).④the only native land mammal are two species of bats.
The red pohutukawa called New Zealand Christmas tree
红色的波赫塔克瓦被称为新西兰的圣诞树
The kiwi is a national symbol and New Zealanders refer to themselves as Kiwis.
几 |
维鸟被当作是国家的象征，新西兰人也这样称呼自己
4)Historical background of New Zealand: ①the Maori history and the European history;②The first European to visit new Zealand was a Dutchman, Abel Tasman in 1642;③the first Englishman to visit was Captain James Cook of the British Royal Navy in 1769. ④the first offical governor, William Hobson was sent there by the British government in 1840, representing Queen Victoria, and some Maori chiefs, signed the Treaty of Waitangi.Modern New Zealand was founded.⑤it was granted internal self-government in 1852.⑥Wellington founded by the first settlers became the capital in 1865.⑦Land war between the Europeans and the Maoris broke out in the 1860s. ⑧Gold was discovered in Otago and Westland, but the gold boom ended in 1870. 1.毛利历史和欧洲历史，2.第一个到达新西兰的欧洲人是荷兰的阿贝尔.塔斯曼，1642年。3.早到达新西兰的英国人是英国皇家海军的詹姆士.库克船长，1769年。4. 1840年第一位总督威廉.赫伯森,代表维多利亚女王和毛利酋长签订了《威坦哲条约》，现代新西兰成立了。1852年，获得内部自治权6.1865年，移民者建立惠灵顿成为首都，7.19世纪60年代欧洲人和毛利人发生土地纠纷，爆发战争。8.1870年，淘金热结束
The Treaty of Waitangi 1840 has three articles
条约的三条内容
1) the Maori people gave the Queen of England the right to make laws for the country
第一，毛利人把立法权交给英国女王
2)promised the Maori own their lands,forests,fisheries and other treasured possessions,if Maori wanted to sell land ,only the Crown had the right to buy。
第二，毛利人拥有自己的土地，森林，渔场和其他财产，如果毛利人想出售他们的财产，只能卖给英国政府。
3)Maoris were granted all the rights and privileges of British subjects.
第三，保证毛利人享有和英国臣民一样的权利
The anniversary of the signing, February 6, is celebrated as New Zealand National Day, Waitangi Day, and is a national holiday.
2月6日是条约签定的纪念日，这一天也就是新西兰的国庆日，威坦哲日，是全国性的节日。
6)Characteristics of Maori culture(Maoritanga)毛利文化: Maoritanga means Maori culture, the Maori way of life and view of the world, which is a very important part of New Zealand culture today.是毛利人的生活方式和对世界的看法，这是新西兰文化中重要的一部分。
Aotearoa—is the Maori name for New Zealand New Zealand
4.Ireland(Capital:Dublin)都柏林
Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle because of its rich green countryside.two political units:Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.爱尔兰因其葱翠欲滴的乡村景色，又称绿宝石岛。两个行政区：北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国。
1) Ireland’s geographical features:①a basin:the central plain, a limestone plateau surrounded by coastal highlands. ②the highest peak is Carrantuohill(卡朗图山)，1041m.③the largest river: the Shannon Riv
