翻译时句子成分的转换：
英译汉时，有时为了通顺，往往需要将原文的某一句子成分转译成另一部分进行句子成分的转换：
非主语转译成主语：
定语译为主语a. If there should be any last-minute change in the sialing time， we‘
ll contact you by telephone.开船时间假如临时有更改，我们会用电话通知你。
（状语译为主语）
b. In many countries， free-port areas or foreign-trade zones have been established， where foreign merchants need not pay tariffs fort their unloaded goods if the goods remain within these areas or zones.许多国家都建立了自由港和保税区，在那里，外国商人只要是在本区内，未卸船的货物可以不纳税。
c. The average temperature in summeris as hight as 35C. One can not be pleasant living in that place.夏天的平均温度高达摄氏35C，生活在那里不可能舒服。
d. A good many new books were published by the Foreign Language Press last year.外文出版社去年出版了许多新书。
谓语译为主语e. When a material is stressed byong the elastic limit a permaent deformation results.当一种材料的应力超过弹性极限时，就会产生永久变形。
表语译为主语f. Television is different from radio in that its sends and receives pictures.电视和无线电的不同点在于电视能收发图象。
宾语转译成主语g. The wise buyer finds ways to make sure that wrong thinking is not allowed to interfere with careful planning in this purchases.（明智的购买者尽量做到购买时不让错误的想法干扰。）
His father flew into rage with what he had done.（他的所作所为让他的父亲大为光火。）
被动 语态一般是，主谓语的位子翻译成汉语时需要颠倒，即原来的主语作宾语：
h.Drastic action must be taken if they want to reduce traffic accidents and air pollution.（如果他们想减少交通事故和污染，就必须迅速采取措施。）
i. I was totally upset by what he did in the exam.（他考试时的表现确实让我很担心。）
j Asia was passed over by the industrial revolution.（工业革命没有光顾亚洲。）
译成带“是”的结构：
k. We were moved to tears by the fact that he came to the meeting in spite of his illness.（最让我感激涕零的是，他带病坚持来开会。）
译成： “由”“把”，“使”等字引导的句子：
l. His mother was dismissed due to the fact that she couldn‘t type fast enough.（ 老板把他的妈妈给解雇了，因为他打字不够快。）
m. She was worried ，because her son had written for a long time.（ 她儿子很长时间没给她写信了，这可把她给担心坏 了。）
n. Wind is caused by air moving between cold and warm region.（风是由冷暖地区流动着的空气引起的。）
非谓语转译成谓语：
The new rule is applicable to foreigners.这一项新规定适用与外国人。（表语译为谓语）
There is a need for improvement in your study habits你的学习习惯需要改进（主语译为谓语）
非宾语转译成宾语：
主语转译成宾语a. After he was elected chairman of the committee， Mr. Smith was found working in the lab early in the morning.（史密斯当选以后， 人们发现他
