英语中目前所占本族词的数量有多少?
答案：50,000?to?60,000
他们的来源是(Anglo_Saxon?tongue?)?
第二次世界大战以后，大量外来词进入英语中，如：Mao?jackets?,?black?belt?
,?kongfu,?这些词属于英语词汇发展的Present?-?day?English?Vocabulary?
注意：第二章出大题的内容无非就是请简述印欧语系的发展与组成。
Old?English?和?Middle?English?最大的striking?distinction?存在于哪一个方面?
答案：Old?English?was?a?language?of?full?endings,?Middle?English?was?
one?of?leveled?endings.
文艺复兴时期，哪两种文化得到了复兴，这对英语词汇的丰富具有什么样的影响?
答案：Greek?,?Roman?culture?
某些希腊词被引入到了英语是在什么阶段?
答案：Modern?English
十六世纪，有一种新工业出现对词汇的发展产生重要的影响，这是哪一种industry?
答案：Printing?
这导致sound?and?form?出现concord?,?出现standardization.
第三章复习:
The?smallest?unit?in?the?English?language?refers?to?(morphemes)
The?minimal?free?form?in?the?English?language?refers?to?(word)
In?the?plural?form?changing,?some?of?the?words?will?take?internal?vowel?
change?,?this?internal?vowel?change?is?called?(allomorphs)?
Deer?复数没有变,还是deer,?sheep?复数没有变,还是sheep,?因此,这种变化被
称作(zero?derivation)?
名词解释:
Morphemes?:?The?minimal?meaningful?units?in?a?language?are?known?as?
morphemes.
In?other?words,?the?morphemes?is?’the?smallest?functioning?unit?in?composition?of?words?Allomorphs?:?The?alternative?morphs?are?known?as?allomorphs,?
e.g.
the?morpheme?of?plurality?{-s}?has?a?number?of?allomorphs?in?different?
sound?context,?e.g.?in?cats?in?bags,?matches
It?can?be?realized?by?the?change?of?an?internal?vowel?as?in?foot-feet,?
man-men,?goose-geese?or?by?zero?morphs?as?in?deer-deer,?fish-fish
简答题：?what?are?the?types?of?morphemes???(?答简答题时,名词解释)
答案：Free?morphemes?and?bound?morphemes?
Free?morphemes?:?
1)?Free?morphemes?are?independent?of?other?morphemes?
and?are?considered?to?be?free.?
2)?These?morphemes?have?complete?meanings?in?themselves?and?can?be?used?
as?free?grammatical?units?in?sentences.?
3)?They?are?identical?with?root?words,?as?each?of?them?consists?of?a?
single?free?root?words?,as?each?of?them?consists?of?a?single?free?root?
.
4)?free?morphemes?are?free?roots.
bound?morphemes:?1)?Morphemes?which?cannot?occur?as?separate?words?are?
bound..
2)?They?are?bound?to?other?morphemes?to?form?words.?
3)?Bound?morphemes?include?two?types:?bound?root?and?affix?
affix?分为两类:?inflectional?and?derivational?affixes.
Inflectional?affixes?:?Affixes?attached?to?the?end?of?words?to?indicate?
grammatical?relationships?are?inflectional,?thus?known?as?inflectional?
morphemes.?
Derivational?affixes:?1)derivational?affixes?are?affixes?added?to?
other?morphemes?to?create?now?words.?
2)?Derivational?affixes?can?be?further?divided?into?prefixes?and?
suffixes.?
root?:?1)?a?root?is?the?basic?form?of?a?word?which?cannot?be?further?
analyzed?without?total?loss?of?identity.
2)?the?root,?whether?free?or?bound,?generally?carr |
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