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第一讲:
1.考试题形式分为:
Ⅰ.选择题(30分):完全是考书中的例子,理论与例子的结合,也就是?‘Theory’和?‘Example’¯的结合。
Ⅱ.填空(10分):考特例,不是考简单的‘Examples﹑Theory’ 而是考‘
Exceptions’¯.
Ⅲ.(10分)?考试内容:
ⅰ.Types of meaning changes: 词意变化的种类
ⅱ.Types of meaning : 词义的种类,如:概念意义,联想意义,情感意义等。
ⅲ.Languages branches :语系与语族,?语系如:印欧语系;语族如:一个大的语
系下分为那几个小的语族,如:日尔曼语族,斯堪的纳维亚语族等。
ⅳ. Feathers of idioms: 习语的特点
Ⅳ.(10分)?考试内容:
ⅰ.Types of Bound Morphemes: 粘着词素的种类
ⅱ.Types of Word Formations: 构词法的种类
ⅲ.Types of Meaning: 词义的种类
ⅳ.Types of Meaning of Idioms:习语涵义的种类
Ⅴ. 名词解释?(10分):
Ⅵ. 简答题?(12分):
ⅰ.比较题:两种理论/概念之间的区别就叫比较题,比如说‘概念意义与联想意
义有何区别,粘着词素与派生词根有何区别,两种事物与两种理论之间的区别等。
ⅱ.名词解释扩展题:难的名词解释派生的简答题,?如:Affected?Meaning?名词
解释起来太长了,放在简答题里,就成为:?What?is?Affected?Meaning,?
briefly?exemplify?it.
ⅲ.Optional: 可考可不考的题,往往是给出名词让你举例子
Ⅶ.分析题(18分):给出例子,让你用理论加以分析。
二.?串讲内容:
Introduction?部分:
Lexicology?这门课算哪一种学科的分支:?
Lexicology?is?a?branch?of?linguistics.?
Lexicology和那些重要的学科建立了联系:
1)Morphology?2)?Semantics?3)?Stylistics?4)?Etymology?5)?Lexicography
研究lexicology?的两大方法:
1)?Diachronic?approach?:?历时语言学
2)?Synchronic?approach?:?共时语言学
e.g.?wife?
纵观历时语言学的方法论,woman?词义的变化算是词义变化的哪一种模式?
Woman?的词义的变化算Narrowing?or?specialization?
第一章部分:
What?is?word??
词具有哪些特点?
词的特点也就是对词的名词解释。
1)?A?word?is?a?minimal?free?form?of?a?language;
2)?A?sound?unity?or?a?given?sound?;
3)?a?unit?of?meaning;
4)?a?form?that?can?function?alone?in?a?sentence.?
以上词的四个特点也就是词的名词解释
词的分类(classification?of?a?word)?
词根据发音可以分为哪两种词?或者说词根据拼写可以分为哪两类词?
1)?simple?words?2)?complex?words?
单音节词例子:
e.g.?Man?and?fine?are?simple
多音节词例子:?
e.g.?Management,?misfortune,?blackmail?
management?可以次划分为manage?和?-ment?
misfortune?可以次划分为mis-?和?fortune?
blackmail?次划分为black?和?mail?
What?is?the?relationship?between?sound?and?meaning?
1)There?is?‘no?logical?relationship?between?the?sound?and?actual?thing.
e.g.?dog.?cat
2)The?relationship?between?them?is?conventional.
3)?In?different?languages?the?same?concept?can?be?represented?by?
different?sounds.
What?is?relationship?between?sound?and?form?
1)The?written?form?of?a?natural?language?is?the?written?record?of?
the?oral?form.?Naturally?the?written?form?should?agree?with?the?oral?
form,?such?as?English?language. |
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