(3) derogatory

(4) hyperbole

重点简答题: Metonymy 和Synecdoche , 这两种修饰有何区别? ( 未考过)

答案：Both metonymy and synecdoche involve substitution of names, yet they differ in that the former is a case of using the name of one thing for another closely associated with it and the latter is that of substituting part for the whole and vice versa.

习习语的分析：(挑出习语加以分析，它是哪一个类型, 然后加以解释)

e.g. He goes to the service , rain or shine.

答：In this sentence, rain or shine, is an idiom.

rain or shine is composed in Juxtaposition.

It is Idiom adverbial in nature

改写后：He goes to the service, no matter what the weather looks like , no matter what and no matter what kind of difficulties.

第十章 English Dictionaries

词典这一部分在填空或选择时出现的可能是最大的

1) 词典的种类

2)每一种词典的特殊性也是考试的要点：

比如：CCELD它的最大特殊性是它的extra column

3) 每一种词典的vocabulary stock 也是考试的要点：

英语词汇学模拟测试：

一. Multiple choice (30%)

1. From the 1500’s through the 1700’s, over___ new words entered the English language.

A. 6000 B. 7000 C. 9000 D. 10.000

2. " Nature" in the word " denaturalization " is not ___ .

A. free root B. stems C. affixes D. compounds

3. A concept is universal to all men regardless of____

A) culture B) race C) language D) all of the above

4. A word is a symbol that _____.

A) is used by same community

B) represents something else in the world

C) is both simple and complex in nature

D) Shows different ideas in different sounds

5. In the idiom, " fall from grace" , ____ is used.

A. Metaphor B. Metonymy C. Synecdoche D. Euphemism

6. Every word that has meaning has ___, but not every word has ____ .

A. reference, sense B. sense, reference C. both of them D neither of them

7. The word "greenhorn" is ___.

A. onomatopoeically motivated

B. morphologically motivated

C. semantically motivated

D. etymologically motivated

8. The reader cann’t find ___, ___, ____in an encyclopedia.

A. pronunciation, meaning, usage

B. pronunciation, meaning, information

C. pronunciation, usage, information

D. meaning, usage, information

10. Breaking up the idioms into pieces can be called ___.

A. shortening B. deletion C. dismembering D. position-shifting

11. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects

A. humor B. sarcasm C. ridicule D. all the above

12. Linguistic factors of word meaning change exclude____.

A. internal facotors within the language system

B. the influx of borrowing

C. analogy

D. grammar

13. The meaning of many words often relate directly to their ___ , which is known as eymological motivation .

A. structures B. sounds C. origins D features

14. ___ often lead to ambiguity.

A. Polysemy B. homonymy C. Grammatical structure D. all the above

15. ___ are bound morphemes because t