2. 重述（restatement）

　　所谓重述是指作者用另外的词，短语或句子将前面已述及的内容再重述一下。据重述

　　内容，考生可将前面内容中的生词的意思猜测出来。

　　3. 举例（examples）

　　从such as，like，for example，for instance，等词后所列举的例子以及所表示的前后同

　　位关系可以猜测出一些单词的词意。

　　4. 对比（contrast）

　　从表示对立或相反的信号词可以判断某些词语内容前后意思对立或相反。根据这一点，

　　考生可以从其中一个词猜测出另外一个词的意思。

　　Word-formation

　　1. Depression can be treated by medication and psychotherapy. Ironically， antidepressants can have drowsiness as a side effect. （Reader‘s Digest Jan. 1996）

　　Psychotherapy（psycho + therapy）： 心理疗法；精神疗法； antidepressants （anti + depress + ant）： n.[医]抗抑郁剂， 抗抑郁病药

　　2. More recently he introduced himself into the debate on welfare reform by insisting that unwed motherhood， not joblessness， was the key problem.

　　Unwed （un + wed ）： 没有结婚的，未婚的

　　Definition

　　1. As truck drivers have found， that can be dangerous， leading to microsleeps——brief periods， lasting one to ten seconds， when you‘re snoozing even though your eyes are open. （Reader‘s Digest Jan. 1996）

　　microsleep： 短暂的昏睡（尤指失去正常睡眠者的阵发性昏睡， 通常仅持续1至10秒钟）

　　2. A dune is a hill of loose sand heaped by the sand； a glacier is a field of ice formed from compacted snow.

　　Dune ： 沙丘； glacier冰河；冰川

　　Synonyms

　　1. Our uncle was roamer， an incurable wanderer who never could stay in one place.

　　Roamer = wanderer ： 流浪者， 漂泊者

　　2. Only last week the bank had discovered nearly a thousand dollars in counterfeit bills， source unknown. Their estimate was that thirty million dollars of bogus money had been produced the previous year. England and Canada were major supply sources of spurious US currency.

　　Counterfeit bills = bogus money = spurious US currency： 伪钞

　　Antonym

　　1. Her moods seem to go from one extreme to the other—— from deepest apathy to unlimited enthusiasm.

　　Apathy：冷淡；漠不关心——enthusiasm：热心；热情

　　2. He may be dexterous at football， but he is very clumsy on the dance floor.

　　Dexterous：灵巧的（手）；敏捷的 ——clumsy：行动笨拙的；手脚不灵活的

　　3. Unlike her gregarious sister， Jane is a shy， unsociable person who does not like to go to parties or to make friends.

　　Gregarious：爱群居的；爱社交的——unsociable：不善交际的； 孤僻的

　　Contrast

　　1. His son fell into ignominy because of his betrayal， whereas his daughter gained fame because of her heroism in defying the enemy.

　　Ignominy：无耻行为， 堕落行为，——fame：名声， 声望， 名气

　　2. Most dentists‘ offices are drab places， but Emilio‘s new office is a bright cheerful place.

　　Drab：单调， 乏味， 无生气——bright：明亮的， 辉煌的， 欢快的