一、判断正误题

The following statements are about the facts presented in the first chapter of the book, please indicate in the brackets whether they are true (T) or false(F) (10%)

1. In the 5^th century, the controversy between the naturalist and the conventionalists in Greece was on the regularities of language. (       )

2. Bloomfield, who maintained that linguistics should only admit data that could be objectively verified, is regarded as the father of American Formalism. (       )

3. Contrastive analysis is proposed by the habit-formation theory as a valid means to predict potential errors. (       )

4. The Swiss psychologist Piaget used hypothetical mental constructs, which he called schemas, to describe the envelopment of Children’s reasoning abilities at each stage. (       )

5. When the mother tongue and the target language share a meaning but express it in different ways, the learner will transfer the ways of expression in   the mother tongue to the target language. (       )

6. Halliday thinks that the process of first language acquisition is actually the process of learning how to communicate in that language. (       )

7. Wilkins insisted that the orientation of the language teaching was essentially toward the understanding and acquisition of linguistic features, rather than the purposes and social use of communication. (       )

8. American structuralism, started at the beginning of the 20^th century, became very popular and influential in the 1930s and 1940s throughout the world. (       )

9. The naturalists argued that the forms of words reflected directly the nature of objects. (       )

10. According to the habit-formation theory, errors should be avoided and should be corrected if they have been made. (       )

二、填空题

Ⅰ . Fill in the blanks so as to complete the description of different theories of language learning (7%)

1. According to Halliday, the learner acquires the formation of __________ discourse before he acquires the formation of single sentences.

2. The Oral Approach involves systematic principles of selection, __________, and presentation.

3. The __________ Approach emphasizes the conscious teaching of grammar or of language rules.

4. The Situational Language Teaching believes in a theory of learning that is based on a type of __________ habit-formation theory.

5. The theory of learning underlying the Grammar-Translation Method was __________ Psychology.