③ one of the techniques of the grammar-     c. superiority of the written form over the spoken

    translation method                       form of the language

  ④ one of the techniques of the grammar-     d. the faculty of psychology

   translation method

  ⑤ one of the main features of the            e. enabling the learners to read and translate the

    grammar-translation method               literature of the target language                                            

Ⅳ . Question for Brief Answers:(30%)

   Directions: This section has six questions. You are to briefly answer them.   Five points are given to each question.

34. What is the major difference between American Structuralism and British Structuralism?

35. What are the roles of the learner in the communicative approach?

36. When do most experts of foreign language teaching believe the Grammar-Translation Method began to become a formal foreign language teaching method?

37. What are the objectives of language teaching according to cognitive proponents?

38. What are the four issues related to the input hypothesis of  Krashen's  monitor model of L2 learning theory?

39. Name some negative psychological factors in accordance with the acculturation theory.

Ⅴ . Questions for Long Answers:(20%)

   Directions: The two questions in this section are to be answered on the basis of your own teaching experience as well as the theoretical knowledge you've learned. Ten points are given to each question.

40. Compared with the Communicative Approach, the Oral Approach is still not enough to develop learners' communicative competence, why?

41. What procedures were followed by the ELT method in the late 19^th century and what were the major features of the method used in the 1950s and 1960s in China ?